Redevelopment of Brownfields (Draft - June 30, 2008)
NW CT EDC Goal:
- Develop long range strategic plans for a healthy, sustainable economic environment for NW CT.
Task Team Goals:
- Develop a long term (10-20 years) comprehensive plan which benefits the entire region.
- Develop long range strategic plans for a healthy, sustainable economic environment for NW CT.
Guiding Principles:
Brownfields are underutilized or abandoned properties with known or suspected contamination.
Brownfield sites are frequently in limbo because of the unknown extent of clean up costs and liability.
Brownfield redevelopment is a high priority for most urban municipalities.
There are many challenging issues related to the clean-up and redevelopment of Brownfield sites which can often be very confusing and very expensive.
The redevelopment of Brownfield sites is a high priority with both “Smart Growth” and “Responsible Growth” advocates.
The state of Connecticut views the redevelopment of Brownfields and the acquisition of open space as policies promoting smart growth and/or responsible growth while discouraging sprawl.
Brownfield advocates endorse equal funding for both Brownfields redevelopment and open space acquisition as methods for limiting sprawl.
The most important goal is to limit the liability for new buyers of Brownfields properties.
The second most important goal is to redevelop Brownfield sites in a manner consistent and complementary with their surroundings.
Another major goal is to increase the tax value of the property, while not negatively impacting neighboring properties.
Suggested Overall Strategies
Because Brownfield redevelopment is more complicated than normal real estate transactions, the goals should be to reduce uncertainty and limit risk as much as possible.
Employ services of a consultant to assist in navigating through the myriad levels of state and federal regulations and agencies.
Prioritize and identify Brownfield properties most suitable for redevelopment.
Work closely with municipalities and adjoining property owners to insure a positive experience for all stakeholders.
Strive to clean all contaminated sites within the NW CT region to enhance the health and welfare of all.
Create plan or design of the finished project - work backwards to complete.
Know all of the costs associated with the redevelopment of the site including assessment, cleanup, monitoring, and legal expenses. (Frequently defined using a range of anticipated costs.)
Identify all of potential issues before proceeding - share issues with state agencies.
Projects must have an intended sustainable outcome - i.e. jobs & taxes, social return.
Proposed solutions must satisfy state and federal agencies, investors, neighbors, and local officials.
Components
Assessment
Phase I - assessment (site history, identify areas of concern)
Phase II - sampling of soil and ground water
Phase III - additional sampling to further define "Areas of Concern"
Conceptual Remedial Action Plan - defines probable range of clean up costs for a projected reuse
Remedial Action Plan - specific scope of work for clean up for an approved reuse. There are additional aspects of assessments such as the "Site Characterization Document."
Site Management
Licensed Environmental Professional (LEP) - in many instances can determine site conditions and appropriate remedy. Designs the Scope of Work to be performed under the assessments.
State supervision - in certain circumstances, such as Transfer Act sites, the State reviews the assessment and conclusions before allowing the site to be managed by a LEP.
Remedial decisions are based on the match of site conditions to the Remedial Standard Regulations (RSRs)
Two main drivers of management are human health exposure and pollutant mobility
Liability
Property owners have liability, which remains an impediment to reuse
There are multiple ways to address and manage some of the risks including
Voluntary Compliance program
Covenant Not To Sue
Environmental Land Use Restriction (ELUR)
Insurance
Sources of Funding - Resources:
Local, state and federal grants - various agencies
Private investors
Non-profit organizations
Factors: lead time, good scientific techniques, well defined outcome
Related Articles/Links:
NEMO Program (Non-point Education for Municipal Officials - UConn)
Issues identified during Scenario Planning (March 28 & April 28, 2009):
Converting old structures to appealing places to work.
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State policy re: incentives for new businesses. Only for manufacturing. E.g., does NOT encourage entrepreneurs.
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Loss of manufacturing jobs
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Brownfield issues
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Environmental regs. and concerns
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Limited industrial sites
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Unpredictable and unfavorable tax structure
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National issues
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Limitations and/or aging infrastructure
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Increased government regulation
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Infrastructure – adequate now? future?
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Availability of investment capital
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Attracting companies to spark economic growth
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How do we ensure that we coordinate our efforts to get the area’s fair share of resources
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Economic incentive for new or existing businesses
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Attitudes of community about development
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Availability of land
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Loss of State and Federal representation due to shrinking population
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